Gum Disease and Pregnancy

When you’re pregnant, it’s important to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Pregnant women need to eat a healthy and balanced diet, get regular exercise appropriate for each trimester, and avoid things like tobacco and alcohol.It is also important to keep your teeth clean.

WhileGum disease is a common oral issue for adults, ranging from slight gum inflammation to serious dental issues, pregnant women can be more at risk to gum disease due to hormonal changes and an increase in blood flow, so it is especially important that women who are pregnant practice good oral hygiene habits.

Gingivitis is characterized by swelling and inflammation of the gums that is caused by a bacterial film that grows on the teeth, resulting in plaque buildup. This plaque irritates the gum tissue, making them tender, bright red, swollen, sensitive, and easy to make bleed. If left untreated, the bacteria can attack the gums and bones surrounding your teeth, leading to pockets around the teeth that can result in tooth loss. If you already have gingivitis going into a pregnancy, it will likely get worse during pregnancy if you do not seek treatment.Pregnancy gingivitis is especially harmful because the infected and swollen gums harbor disease causing bacteria. The pockets provide an access your bloodstream and allow bacteria to travel throughout your body. Since the bacteria that cause gingivitis can enter the bloodstream, they are able to travel down to the uterus.Several studies have found a strong link between gum disease and pregnancy complications, particularly, it increases the risk of preterm delivery and babies with low birth weight.

The good news is gum disease can be identified and treated early. The best defense is to follow a good oral hygiene routine.

You can prevent plaque from building up in your mouth by brushing your teeth regularly and flossing. Brush your teeth at least twice a day:

• before you have breakfast
• before you go to bed at night

Brush thoroughly, but gently, for at least two minutes, no sooner than one hour after eating or drinking. Use a brush with soft bristles, or an electric toothbrush, with fluoride toothpaste. Floss at least once a day, ideally before you go to bed.

If you are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant, schedule an examination with your dentist to discuss your oral health.